River basin in ethiopia along with their purposes and. Description of the basin the awash river basin is the most important river basin in ethiopia, and covers a total land area of 110,000 km 2 and serves as home to 10. Baroopeno wenz, known to the anuak as openo river is a river in southwestern ethiopia, which defines part of ethiopias border with south sudan. A waterfall on the awash river laden with mud after a storm in central ethiopias oromia region. The effective and efficient management of water is a major problem, not just for economic growth and development in the nile river basin, but also for the peaceful coexistence of the millions of people who live in the region. The awash river basin is the most important basin in ethiopia, and covers a total land area of 110,000 km 2 and serves as home to 10. Analysis of longterm trends of annual and seasonal rainfall. Pdf trend analysis of climatic and hydrological variables. This pdf also covers the other important details like countries and cities through which this rivers flows.
Economic analysis of largescale upstream river basin. In river basin context, iwrm is defined as a process that enables the coordinated management of water, land and related resources within the limits of a basin so as to optimize and equitably share the resulting socioeconomic wellbeing without compromising the longterm health of vital ecosystems. Next, the paper looks at the specific geographic and hydrological characteristics of the nile basin to identify management unitse. Ethiopian road authority revision of the drainage design manual in ethiopia contract reference. Three years ago to the week, i wrote a weekly commentary entitled, cry me a lake. That commentary focused on the plight of tens of thousands of ethiopians who are sick and dying from drinking the polluted waters of lake koka, once a pristine lake, located some 50km south of addis ababa. Basin provides the catchment area for addis ababa and contains. Analysis of rainfall trend and variability for agricultural. Climate change projections in the awash river basin of. Modeling climate change impact on the hydrology of keleta. This is especially true for areas such as the awash river basin where there is very high dependence on rain fed agriculture characterized by frequent droughts and subsequent famines.
Integrating geoinformation for the management of river. The primary focus is on determining the longterm temporal and seasonal changes in the flows of the blue nile in ethiopia at the border to sudan. Managing shared river basins in the horn of africa. Originating from the bale mountain in the ethiopian highlands, at an altitude of about 4 230 meters above sea level, the total basin area of the shabelle river is 297 000 km2 6. The suitability of the dirma river basin in ethiopia for surface irrigation potential development and identification of potentially irrigable sites were the subject of the present study. The marda fault zone, ethiopia, nature, vol 261, no 5561 178. Integrated water resources management as a system approach.
Ethiopian authorities have recognized the importance of the nile river to the survival and vitality of egyptian agriculture and hence human survival and development in egypt. This is a list of streams and rivers in ethiopia, arranged geographically by drainage basin. Download pdf save cite this item table of contents. Pdf the awash river basin faces land degradation, high population density, natural water degradation salinity. Water resources and our development initiatives ethiopian public. The awash river basin, ethiopia, is subject to high climate variability, experiencing frequent floods and droughts. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam on the blue nile. Precipitation and streamflow variability in tekeze river. Trend analysis of climatic and hydrological variables in the awash river basin, ethiopia article pdf available in water 1011. Modern irrigation was started at the awash river basin with bilateral cooperation of ethiopia and dutch company. Economic evaluation of the proposed alternatives of interbasin. Due to rising population and increasing water demand in the nile basin, major projects raise interest and concern by millions with potential for water conflict. Afcapeth 005t first workshop report harmony hotel, addis ababa, ethiopia. The climate and hydrology of the upper blue nile river core.
The eastern half, the ogaden basin, consists of jurassic, cretaceous, and tertiary sedimentary rocks. Ethiopia has some of the richest water resources in africa, distributed across eight major basins with an exploitable hydropower potential of 45,000 mw. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam and the nile basin. The awash basin is divided into three parts upper, middle, and lower basins based on climatological, physical, socioeconomic, agricultural, and water resources characteristics 5,21.
Regional and local hydrological regimes are significantly vulnerable to global climate change which threaten water resources and food security of nations. Central to most of the efforts over the last two decades is the concept. Water management has evolved from being just a local focus to a national and global concern, necessitating new approaches to ensure comprehensive and sustainable resource management, financing, and conflict management gourbesville, 2008. Surface irrigation methods academia journal of agricultural research.
Challenges of groundwater flow model calibration using. The analysis included a baseline period from 1986 to 2005 and two future scenarios 2050s and 2070s under two representative concentration pathways rcp4. Evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates over ethiopian. The dhidhessa river basin originates from sigmo mountain ranges in southwestern ethiopia and flows towards the easterly direction for about 75 km, and then turning rather sharply to the north until it joins. The awash river basin is the most important basin in.
River basins of ethiopia with estimates of their runoffcapacity, irrigation and hydropower potential and. The tekeze river, which forms the boundary between the regions of tigray and amhara, flows northwards and is a major tributary of the atbara river, which is itself a tributary of the nile. Surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia. Figure 2 from ethiopian geological survey, mapping authority, 1996, presents an area of 1,127,127 square kilometers 435,186 square miles divided in half by a northeastsouthwesttrending rift lined with tertiary and quaternary volcanic rocks. A handbook for integrated water resources management in basins. This book is about the grand ethiopian renaissance dam newly being built on the blue nile, a transboundary river. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd will not only be africas largest dam, but it is also essential for future cooperation and development in the nile river basin and east african region. Nov 27, 2019 this research aimed to project and analyse climate change in the awash river basin arb using bias. Managing water resources to maximize sustainable growth.
Important cities and locations on these river banks. Jun 25, 2018 regional and local hydrological regimes are significantly vulnerable to global climate change which threaten water resources and food security of nations. The global water partnershipgwp is an international network whose vision is for a watersecure world. Surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia 103 fig. This research aimed to project and analyse climate change in the awash river basin arb using bias. Ethiopia, among early adopters, has developed a water policy, legislations, and strategy per iwrm core principles. However, considerable constraints are still in its way of realization. The baropibor confluence marks the beginning of the sobat river, a tributary of the. Revision of the drainage design manual in ethiopia. Omo river, river in southwestern ethiopia, eastern africa. The river rises on the high plateau near ginchi town, in the west side of the capital city of addis ababa, ethiopia and flows along the rift valley into the afar triangle, and terminates in the salty lake abbe on the border.
Drawing on hydrology, rainfall, and climatic data from the past 25 years, this article investigates the effects of climate change on water resources in the transnational blue nile basin bnb. Simulated surface and shallow groundwater resources in the abaya. The second source that compensates the rest of the year is the great lakes region of africa, which provides about 15 per cent of egypts needs. The area covered is smaller, but wetlands are also important. Pdf climate change impact on water resources in the. Heavy rainfall often causes flooding, especially along the awash river and in the lower baroakobo and wabeshebelle river basins. The river rises to an altitude of about 3,000 m above sea level m. The inset map shows the location of the gidabo river basin red polygon within the ethiopian rift. Water resources management in ethiopia description continued in this study, the editors address these and other issues surrounding water resources management in all economic and water sectors in ethiopia within the setting of the nile basin, the first comprehensive treatment of this subject. Update and take followup actions on completed integrated river basin development master plans gibieomo, baroakobo, abbay, tekezie, mereb, and prepare master plans for the remaining river basins wabi shebelle, awash, genaledawa, rift valley region, aysha, ogaden, etc. The river nile in the post colonial age download ebook.
Pdf surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia. Location and elevation of awash basin among the ethiopian river basins. Drought is a common occurrence in the awash river basin edossa et al. This paper also indicates how the model calibration approach should be geared in terms of logical assumptions and reasonable representation of groundwater systems to better contribute to sustainable use of groundwater resources in ethiopia. This is important because the blue nile is the main. Climate change impact on water resources in the awash basin, ethiopia. A handbook for integrated water resources management in. Delta statistical downscaling methods were used to downscale 20 global circulation models gcms. A characterisation and trend study of the awash river basin, ethiopia. The dhidhessa river basin is composed of five main watersheds such as upper dhidhessa, wama, dabana, anger, and lower dhidhessa.
May 30, 2019 the suitability of the dirma river basin in ethiopia for surface irrigation potential development and identification of potentially irrigable sites were the subject of the present study. Akaki river ethiopia ethiopian public health institute. Previously undeveloped, the tekeze is now generating hydroelectric power and makes a significant contribution ethiopias economy. Abay river adabay river akaki river akobo river ala river alero river angereb river ataba river ataye river atbarah river awash river awetu river ayesha river. The awash river basin is the most important basin in ethiopia.
Perspectives of the grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd yohannes yihdego. Static water level swl records from water supply wells drilled for about 32 years in the upper awash basin is considered to illustrate the commonly used groundwater flow model. The river rises on the high plateau near ginchi town, in the west side of the capital city of addis ababa, ethiopia and flows along the rift valley into the afar triangle, and terminates in the salty lake abbe on the border with. Integrating geoinformation for the management of river basins in the ethiopian part of the nile basin by wubeshet demeke tefera thesis submitted to the international institute for geoinformation science and earth observation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in natural resources management.
Trend analysis of climatic and hydrological variables in. The awash river basin is the most important river basin in ethiopia, and covers a total land area of 110,000 km 2 and serves as home to 10. River basins, which apparently has more up to date data on soils for the various river basins. The river basin area suitability was evaluated based on slope, soil and surface water resource availability using arcgis 10. The nile river basin supports the livelihoods of millions of people in egypt, ethiopia, sudan and uganda, principally as water for agriculture and hydropower. The climate in the blue nile river basin varies greatly between its inception in the highlands of ethiopia and its con. E longitude whereas elevations in the basin ranges from 619 m to 32 m a. The awash river basin covers a total area of about 110,000 km 2. With climate change prevailing around the world, understanding the changes in longterm annual and seasonal rainfall at local scales is very important in planning for required adaptation measures.
Download static gk capsule pdf download bank headquarters, taglines. Unfortunately, all river basins in ethiopia except for the nile basin face water shortages. Grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd an interactive qualifying project report submitted to the faculty of worcester polytechnic institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of civil engineering by. Within ethiopia, the river has several tributaries contributing to its runoff. From its source in the ethiopian highlands it flows west for 306 kilometres 190 mi to join the pibor river. This book, after setting out basinlevel legal and policy successes and failures of managing and sharing nile waters, articulates the opportunities.
Precipitation and streamflow variability in tekeze river basin, ethiopia chapter 1 0 109 the highest mean annual precipitation was at debre tabor station 1439. Hydrogeomorphological characterization of dhidhessa river. Ethiopias longest unique river is the awash, while its longest shared with other nations is the nile. Climate change impact on water resources in the awash basin.
Longterm spi drought forecasting in the awash river basin. Analysis of water use on a large river basin using mike. The upper blue nile basin ubnb is located in the ethiopian highlands, which is the most important subbasin of the nile. Development of rainfall disaggregation model in the awash river basin, ethiopia. There is an alphabetic list at the end of this article. Mean annual rainfall in the dhidhessa river basin ranges from 1509 mm e. The country occupies a total land area of 1,126,829 square kilometers.
Integrated water resources management iwrm has been a dominant paradigm for water sector reform worldwide over the past two decades. Water resources in ethiopia are relatively skewed towards basins with rivers flowing to the west and southwest. Indian rivers origin and destination pdf download consists of the list of important rivers in india, their origins, destination, tributaries state wise. Balagas river baro river bashilo river beles river bilate river birbir river blue nile borkana river. The volcanotectonic lakes basin of abayachamo is part of the main ethiopian rift. Ethiopia the tribes of the omo river basin youtube.
Overview of tekeze hydroelectric power plant general. This study investigates the likely impact of climate change on hydrological processes of the keleta watershed in the awash river basin, ethiopia. The river rises on the high plateau near ginchi town west of addis ababa in ethiopia and flows along the rift valley into the afar triangle, and. Namibia road trip 2017 with our partner namvic car duration. Billate and gidabo river basins are identified as recharge while the rest in the lakes. Wikimedia commons has media related to rivers of ethiopia.
The heavy dependence of the population on rainfed agriculture has made the people and the countrys. Ethiopia is a rugged and landlocked country located in the horn of africa. Pdf water institutions in the awash basin of ethiopia. Oct 12, 2018 indian rivers origin and destination pdf download consists of the list of important rivers in india, their origins, destination, tributaries state wise. The rift valley is a place where modern irrigation in ethiopia starts especially in the awash river basin at which adoption of pumpirrigation commences. It rises in the ethiopian plateau and flows southward for about 400 miles 644 km into the northern end of lake rudolf.
The names belongs to either to the towns black or river gauging stations red. Almost all the rivers in ethiopia are seasonal and there are basically no perennial flows below 1,500 meters altitude. Pdf ethiopia has a complex topography, diversified climate, and immense. Ana cascao provides an original and critical account of the contemporary hydropolitics of the nile river basin, focussing in particular on the postcolonial era and taking into account the crucial changes in the regional and national. Lake tana sits at 1,830 m above sea level with an annual average precipitation of nearly 1,000 mm and evaporation rates of 1,150 mm per year. For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.
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